There are several types of trading strategies, including day trading, which involves buying and selling within the same day to capture short-term movements, and swing trading, where positions are held for days or weeks to profit from price swings. Scalping targets small profits from frequent trades held for minutes or seconds, while position trading focuses on long-term investments based on fundamental analysis. Trend following aims to profit by trading in the direction of existing market trends, using tools like moving averages.